Telescopes seem to have been made in the Netherlands in considerable numbers soon after this date of "invention", and rapidly found their way all over Europe. Lippershey's original design had only 3x magnification. The original Dutch telescopes were composed of a convex and a concave lens-telescopes that are constructed this way do not invert the image. The States General did not award a patent since the knowledge of the device already seemed to be ubiquitous but the Dutch government awarded Lippershey with a contract for copies of his design. A few weeks later another Dutch instrument-maker, Jacob Metius also applied for a patent. It is in a patent filed by Middelburg spectacle-maker Hans Lippershey with the States General of the Netherlands on 2 October 1608 for his instrument " for seeing things far away as if they were nearby". The first record of a telescope comes from the Netherlands in 1608.
Notes on Hans Lippershey's unsuccessful telescope patent in 1608 To several bands impossible to observe from the ground, including X-rays and longer wavelength infrared bands. The development of space observatories after 1960 allowed access Many types of telescopes were developed in the 20th century for a wide range of wavelengths from radio to gamma-rays. The era of radio telescopes (along with radio astronomy) was born with Karl Guthe Jansky's serendipitous discovery of an astronomical radio source in 1931. The development of the computer-controlled alt-azimuth mount in the 1970s and active optics in the 1980s enabled a new generation of even larger telescopes, starting with the 10-metre (400 inch) Keck telescopes in 1993/1996, and a number of 8-metre telescopes including the ESO Very Large Telescope, Gemini Observatory and Subaru Telescope. A number of 4-metre class (160 inch) telescopes were built on superior higher altitude sites including Hawaii and the Chilean desert in the 1975–1985 era.
NAME OF PIRATE TELESCOPE SERIES
The Ritchey-Chretien variant of Cassegrain reflector was invented around 1910, but not widely adopted until after 1950 many modern telescopes including the Hubble Space Telescope use this design, which gives a wider field of view than a classic Cassegrain.ĭuring the period 1850–1900, reflectors suffered from problems with speculum metal mirrors, and a considerable number of "Great Refractors" were built from 60 cm to 1 metre aperture, culminating in the Yerkes Observatory refractor in 1897 however, starting from the early 1900s a series of ever-larger reflectors with glass mirrors were built, including the Mount Wilson 60-inch (1.5 metre), the 100-inch (2.5 metre) Hooker Telescope (1917) and the 200-inch (5 metre) Hale telescope (1948) essentially all major research telescopes since 1900 have been reflectors. Important developments in reflecting telescopes were John Hadley's production of larger paraboloidal mirrors in 1721 the process of silvering glass mirrors introduced by Léon Foucault in 1857 and the adoption of long-lasting aluminized coatings on reflector mirrors in 1932. John Dollond learned of Hall's invention and began producing telescopes using it in commercial quantities, starting in 1758. The achromatic lens, which greatly reduced color aberrations in objective lenses and allowed for shorter and more functional telescopes, first appeared in a 1733 telescope made by Chester Moore Hall, who did not publicize it. Laurent Cassegrain in 1672 described the design of a reflector with a small convex secondary mirror to reflect light through a central hole in the main mirror. Isaac Newton is credited with building the first reflector in 1668 with a design that incorporated a small flat diagonal mirror to reflect the light to an eyepiece mounted on the side of the telescope. By 1655, astronomers such as Christiaan Huygens were building powerful but unwieldy Keplerian telescopes with compound eyepieces. In 1611, Johannes Kepler described how a far more useful telescope could be made with a convex objective lens and a convex eyepiece lens.
Galileo improved on this design the following year and applied it to astronomy. The design of these early refracting telescopes consisted of a convex objective lens and a concave eyepiece.
Although Lippershey did not receive his patent, news of the invention soon spread across Europe. The history of the telescope can be traced to before the invention of the earliest known telescope, which appeared in 1608 in the Netherlands, when a patent was submitted by Hans Lippershey, an eyeglass maker. Early depiction of a "Dutch telescope" from 1624.
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